Konnor Quiaoit

  The main causes that lead to the protestant reformation were due in part to corruption, incompetence, nationalism and growing cries from humanists.  Due in part to these factors the protestant reformation began.  One of the biggest problems that led to the division within the church was the extreme levels of corruption and incompetence from priests and other high ranking church officials.  Many priests were found to be illiterate when it came to Latin the language printed on the bible and the instalment of papacy where through money and church "donations" one could reach salvation. These were the big reasons as to why Martin Luther and many others were fed up with the church. Another reason was the "rising sense of nationalism in Europe combined with increasing resentment made by papacy, many of which ignored the rights of individual countries"(Chapter 14, 329).  This growing nationalism stroked by the flames of papacy also encouraged the masses and other leaders

  The Journal article from The Burlington Magazine called "The Concept of Mannerism" is a short article written during the 1960's detailing the concept of mannerism from how it was seen, felt, and used by artists during the renaissance.  The goal of this short editorial is to explain what truly Mannerism is; its usage from the artists, how it should be examined and why it was used.  During the late renaissance when Mannerism was being used the article states "any attempt to define the character of the period surveyed, seems pointless, there are too many exceptions" (The Burlington Magazine, 171).  During the Use of Mannerism, it is indicated that artists employing this could not be defined under one use of art style or medium but instead classified by the usage of many different styles and mediums and the lack of consistency between artists and works during the push for Mannerism.  Laurentian Library Michealangelo 1523           Both chapter 13 and the article